The word axial is used as an adjective that refers to relative to an axis, related to the axis or which has the form of an axis. The axial word is of Latin origin “axis“, formed by the suffix “al” which means “relative to” .
In the area of medicine, there is the expression axial skeleton indicating the 80 bones that make up the head, neck and trunk of the human body, these carry this denomination since the bones are located near or in the central axis of the body and, they work as the axis of the human body and that is where the appendicular skeleton is articulated. The axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton form the complete skeleton.
Also, in the morphology of vascular plants, the parenchyma of the secondary xylem can be axial or radial. In the axial, the cells are oriented with their major axes parallel to the stem, instead, the radial organizes at a right angle to the axis of the waist.
Axial symmetry
In the area of geometry, the expression axial symmetry is used, which refers to the symmetry around an axis, to determine the axial symmetry the points of a figure must coincide with respect to another figure taking as reference the axis of symmetry and , the segment that joins them forms a straight and a right angle in the middle. The distance between the different points of one figure is the same distance from the points of the other figure.
In contrast, radial symmetry is characterized in that 2 or more axes of symmetry are cut in the same plane and divide the plane into equal parts. The radial length corresponds to half the diameter of a circle or the circumference divided by 2∏.
Axial and radial
The axial and radial terms are used in physics. The axial force acts on the axial center of an object in the direction of the longitudinal axis, these force can be compression or tension depending on the direction of the force, when the axial force passes along the longitudinal axis and through the geometric center of the object is a concentric force and, otherwise, an eccentric force. In turn, the radial force is verified from a central point outwards.
Similarly, the axial turbine is a continuous flow rotary reaction machine and, the fluid passes through a stator that increases speed and directs the flow to pass through the Rotor. On the other hand, radial and axial piston pumps that are machines used in different contexts such as: construction, automotive industry, etc.
Finally, an axial compressor uses gases to create pressure and an axial pump is used to pump gases.
